Pengaruh Faktor Demografis Masyarakat Kota Terhadap Literasi Berita Televisi
Abstract
The influence of media in communication studies and media practices has always became interest because in normative theories media is expected to provide functional effects. One of the assumption to make media has functional influence is the literacy condition of the society. Television news as the product of media has unique characteristic and process which vary from other non-media products, so certain literacy is needed by the society concerning to TV news. This study aims to explain the literacy condition of the urban society and the influence of demographic factors towards television news literacy. The study was conducted in Banjarmasin south Kalimantan using survey method. The result shows that people have always strong literacy to select in term of content, process, and assessment of the television news. The literacy perspective is still in positivistic context which regard news as the delivery process of reality and not as a construction of reality. Not all demographic aspects influence all aspect of literacy and aspect kinds of work have the most influence on the elements of news literacy.
Keywords: Literacy, Television News, Urban Society, Demographic.
ABSTRAK
Pengaruh media dalam kajian komunikasi dan praktek media selalu menjadi perhatian karena dalam teori-teori normatif, diharapkan mampu memberikan efek yang fungsional. Salah satu asumsi agar media berpengaruh fungsional, ialah kondisi literasi masyarakatnya yang harus memadai. Berita TV sebagai salah satu produk media memiliki karakteristik dan proses yang unik yang bebeda dengan produk lain yang bukan media, sehingga diperlukan literasi tertentu masyarakatnya terhadap berita TV. Studi ini bertujuan menjelaskan kondisi literasi masyarakat kota dan pengaruh faktor demografis terhadap literasi berita televisi. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kota Banjarmasin Kalimantan Selatan, dengan metode Survey. Hasilnya menunjukkan, masyarakat sudah memiliki literasi yang cukup kuat terhadap perlunya melakukan seleksi baik dalam aspek isi, proses dan penilaian berita televisi. Perspektif literasi mereka masih dalam konteks positivistik, yang melihat proses berita sebagai proses pengiriman realitas dan bukan konstruksi realitas. Tidak semua aspek demografis mempengaruhi semua aspek literasi dan aspek jenis pekerjaan memiliki pengaruh pada elemen literasi berita yang paling banyak.
Kata Kunci : Literasi, Berita Televisi, Masyarakat Kota, Demografis.
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